Individual features for the family-friendliness test
To assess family-friendliness, key questions are asked in several areas. Explanations of the individual characteristics of the family-friendliness assessment can be found here:
Principles for urban development measures
The aim of family-friendly urban development and planning is to create a balanced mix of residential, work, care, and recreational areas. Each project must be examined on a case-by-case basis to determine how this goal can be achieved.
- Urban and residential construction should take into account the diverse lifestyles of families and single people, migrants, senior citizens, and people with disabilities.
- The demographic developments of a first-time resident population must be taken into account.
- An appropriate mix of apartment sizes and types within a residential area and within a building is necessary.
- Urban and residential construction must take ecological developments into account, e.g., through the use of environmentally friendly building materials.
- The principle of traffic avoidance should apply in all areas.
- Urban connections to neighboring districts and the integration of the construction area should be designed to be closely interlinked. This includes good connections via cycle paths, footpaths, and public transport.
- The architectural appearance should not emphasize and thus deepen social differences. Social housing should be integrated and should only differ from privately financed housing in terms of different standards and living space within the apartment.
- In special urban planning situations and to promote model developments, competitions or other quality assurance procedures should be carried out as far as necessary.
- In the context of the development of building areas, the securing and financing of infrastructure, in particular social infrastructure, should be regulated in parallel with the urban land-use planning process as far as possible.
Residential construction
Provision of different apartment types and sizes, with floor plans that can be used as flexibly as possible, as well as apartments that can be divided and combined.
Changes in housing needs and the changing family cycle must be taken into account.
- In larger apartments, especially for families, the kitchen as a workplace must be taken into account by providing sufficient space for movement, lighting, and connection to the living area.
- Sufficient storage space must be provided in the apartment and in the entrance area of the residential buildings (e.g., for strollers, wheelchairs, bicycles, etc.).
- A balanced mix of social and privately financed housing should be aimed for. This means around 25–30% social housing, which should also include an appropriate amount of affordable home ownership.
- When allocating social housing, the potential need for social services must be taken into account.
- In buildings with more than four apartments, the fifth apartment and, for every ten additional apartments, one additional apartment must be barrier-free and equipped accordingly. The other apartments should be retrofitted to be barrier-free by avoiding thresholds where possible and ensuring that door widths and turning areas in kitchens and bathrooms are sufficiently large.
Living environment
- Small covered areas near homes so that children and young people can spend time outside even in bad weather, e.g., carports.
- Quiet residential courtyards within building blocks, semi-public, with green spaces, play areas, and recreational areas.
- Public playgrounds: according to the Rhineland-Palatinate Sports Facilities Ordinance, 2.25 square meters of play area per resident must be provided.
- The play areas must be geared to the different play needs of the various age groups, which in turn change over time, i.e., play areas must be adaptable.
- Care must be taken to ensure barrier-free access and use of play areas.
The following aspects must be taken into account when dividing up the areas:
- Public green spaces or contiguous green areas should be located within walking distance of residential areas.
- Allotments should be located within walking distance.
- Public areas should be designed in such a way that they can be used for multiple purposes and serve as meeting places.
- Unplanned, overgrown, modifiable open spaces should be allowed for subsequent design.
Infrastructure
Basic services for the population must be ensured.
- A mix of services, social and cultural infrastructure, and (craft) businesses in the neighborhood within walking distance or easily accessible by public transportation.
- When planning or re-planning smaller areas, multifunctional spaces should be reserved, where compatible with the area, e.g., on the ground floor of residential buildings for services (bakeries, post offices, social services, pharmacies, doctors' offices, etc.).
The social and cultural infrastructure includes:
- Childcare facilities
- Mothers'/parents' meetings
- Youth services (children's and youth centers, meeting places)
- Senior citizens' meeting places/community centers
- Community center for multifunctional use, including a large meeting room
- Social services/care services counseling
- Assisted living facilities for different target groups
- Schools
- Cultural offerings (adult education center, library)
- Sports facilities
In principle, multiple uses should be possible.
Certain community facilities (mothers'/parents' meeting places or childcare facilities) can also be located on the ground floors of residential buildings, provided there is sufficient storage space, e.g., for strollers. If the needs or resident structures change, it should be possible to convert the space into apartments at a later date.
Barrier-free access to the above-mentioned facilities for people with disabilities, children, parents with small children, and senior citizens.
Traffic areas
Traffic areas with a specific purpose
Residential areas should, in principle, be designed to reduce traffic. Exceptions: residential collector roads and major roads.
- In addition to 30 km/h zones, traffic-calmed areas (mixed traffic areas) with recreational functions should also be designated in residential areas.
- Creation of quiet residential areas without car traffic. Here, the specific needs of people with disabilities and the tasks performed by social and mobile services must be taken into account (through access options and special parking spaces).
- Models on the topic of "living without a car" should be promoted.
- Good public transport connections to neighboring districts and the city center to ensure the mobility of people without cars, children, and young people, with sufficient service in the evening.
- Safe footpaths and cycle paths, networking of traffic routes in the sidewalk system; clear and easy-to-follow signage with information for people with disabilities (ramp and stair design) as well as clearly visible house numbering, glare-free lighting of sidewalks, no underpasses.
- Safe and weather-protected parking spaces for bicycles at public facilities, workplaces, and public transport stops.
- Open spaces must be kept free of parking facilities. In principle, parking facilities should be space-saving and have as little impact on the surrounding area as possible (e.g., underground garages, communal facilities, double-decker garages, second parking spaces as "captive" parking spaces, etc.).
Workplaces
When deciding on locations for workplaces and infrastructure facilities, the potential for conflict arising from emissions from production and traffic must be taken into account.
- Workplaces should be located in mixed-use urban districts (a mix of residential areas, restaurants, shops, cultural facilities, etc.) wherever possible, unless the need to resolve conflicts suggests or even necessitates separation.
- Conversely, however, completely monostructured residential areas should not be created. Work should be integrated as far as possible.
- Mixed-use areas should be able to be created in individual buildings (primarily for office and administrative use) or in the form of integrated residential areas within the workplace areas.
- The key objectives for the residential environment, such as the design of streets, squares, green spaces, and open spaces, also apply to workplace areas. Private and public green spaces and recreational areas should be connected.
- The desired structure should facilitate the provision of infrastructure for employees. In line with demand, retail and supply services (restaurants, retail outlets for daily needs, banks, hairdressers, etc.) should be provided in accordance with the center concept.
- Sufficient social and meeting rooms must be set up in the workplaces themselves. This can include, for example, shared canteens, sales rooms, or bistros.
- Company kindergartens should be set up in larger workplace areas. In mixed-use areas, these kindergarten places can also be allocated in residential areas.